What technique is recommended for controlling severe hemorrhage according to ICEMA Protocol?

The recommended technique for controlling severe hemorrhage, according to ICEMA Protocol, focuses on applying direct pressure or using a tourniquet. Direct pressure is the first line of defense in controlling bleeding; it effectively occludes the blood vessels at the site of the injury, thereby reducing blood loss. This method can often be applied immediately by first responders or laypersons on the scene.

In cases where direct pressure does not suffice or if the bleeding is particularly severe, the use of a tourniquet becomes appropriate. A tourniquet can be applied to limbs above the injury site to compress the arteries and halt blood flow, providing a life-saving measure in critical situations.

Administering blood transfusions on-site is not feasible in emergency situations before reaching a medical facility due to the complexities involved, such as the need for matching blood types. Elevating the injured limb above the heart may be beneficial in some contexts, but it is not a reliable method for controlling severe hemorrhage and can even be counterproductive in cases of arterial bleeding. Applying ice packs may help with swelling and pain but does not effectively control bleeding. Therefore, the combination of applying direct pressure and utilizing a tourniquet is the most effective and recommended approach to managing severe hemorrhage in accordance with